All corrosive, spontaneous combustion, combustion, toxic, explosive and other articles, in the process of transportation, loading and unloading, easy to cause personal injury and property damage, need special protection, are dangerous goods。Dangerous goods have special physical and chemical properties。In the process of transportation, if the protection is improper, it is easy to cause accidents, and the consequences are more serious than ordinary vehicle accidents。In order to ensure safety, the following eight points should be paid attention to during dangerous transportation:
1.The packaging of dangerous goods should take safety measures before shipment according to the nature of the goods, transportation, road conditions along the way, etc。The packaging must be firm and tight, and clear, standardized and easily identifiable marks should be made on the packaging。
2.Roads, lights, signs and fire control facilities at the loading and unloading sites of dangerous goods must meet the conditions for safe loading and unloading。When loading and unloading dangerous goods, vehicles should be parked in the open air, stevedores should pay attention to protect themselves, and wear the necessary protective equipment。Strictly abide by the operating procedures, gently put, prohibit falling, impact, rolling, heavy pressure, inversion, afraid of wet goods covered with tarpaulin, goods must be stacked neatly, tied firmly。Detonators, explosives and other dangerous substances shall not be mixed in various vehicles。
3.When transporting dangerous goods by car, the appropriate vehicle must be selected。Explosives, primary oxidants, primary oxidants, organic peroxides and primary combustibles transported by all-trailer trains, three-wheeled vehicles, motorcycles, human-powered tricycles and bicycles cannot be transported by tractor。Unless they are Class II fixed dangerous goods, they shall not be transported by dump trucks。
4.When loading and unloading dangerous goods, use tools that do not produce sparks. Smoking is strictly prohibited in the carriage, and the vehicle must not be near the open fire, high temperature and exposure to the sun。The ground cable should be installed during the parking and loading and unloading of the oil tanker, and the ground cable should be touched to the ground when driving to prevent fire caused by static electricity。
5.Vehicles driven by dangerous goods should be equipped with signs specified in GB1392-92 "Road Transport of Dangerous Goods Vehicles"。When the vehicle is driving, it should strictly abide by the traffic, fire, public security and other laws and regulations, control the speed, pay attention to the distance from the front car, slow down in advance if there is a situation, avoid emergency braking, and prohibit illegal overtaking to ensure driving safety。
6.When dangerous goods are leaked during shipment, they should be handled appropriately according to the different nature of the dangerous goods。After the explosives are dispersed, transfer to a safe place, repair or change the packaging, and soak the leaked explosives with water in time。Handled by local public security firefighters;When the tank storing compressed gas or liquefied gas leaks, it is necessary to move to a ventilated place to water the leaking cylinder to cool down, and when liquid ammonia leaks, it can be soaked in water。Other toxic gases should be immersed in lime water。When the flammable material is scattered, the scattered packaging should be quickly moved to a safe place。Yellow phosphorus powder virus-free, immediately immersed in water。Metal sodium and potassium must be immersed in iron drums filled with kerosene or anhydrous liquid paraffin;When flammable liquid leaks, it should be moved up in time to a ventilated place to repair or replace the packaging。The leaking part is cleaned up with yellow sand and dry earth cover。
7.Please note that vehicles carrying dangerous goods cannot be parked in schools, institutions, markets, historical sites and scenic spots。If loading and unloading operations or temporary parking are required in the above areas, safety measures should be taken and the consent of the local public security department should be obtained。When parking, keep a guard, no idle people near the vehicle to ensure the safety of the vehicle。
8.After cleaning the car, pay attention to removing the residue in the car, and the vehicles and tools with dangerous goods must be cleaned and removed。Transportation of food, medicine, feed, animals and plants shall be prohibited if the virus is not completely cleared。